Fiber Reinforced Concrete, Transparent Concrete , Bacterial Concrete

Fiber Reinforced Concrete(FRC)

Fiber Reinforced Concrete(FRC) is that type of concrete which containning fibrous materials which increase its structural integrity. It contains short discrete fibers that are uniformly distributed and randomly oriented. Fibers include steel fibers, glass fibers, synthetic fibers and natural fibers.

Fiber is a small pices of reinforcing material processing certain characteristic properties. They can be circular or flat, the fiber is obtain describe by a convenient parameter called aspects ratio. The aspect ratio of the fiber is the ratio of its length to its diameter. Typically aspect ratio range from 30 to 150.

Use

It is mainly used in shotcrete , but can also be used in normal concrete. Fiber Reinforced normal  concrete are mostly used for on ground floors and pavements. Concrete reinforced with fiber is less expensive then conventional reinforcement, while steel increasing the tensile sterngth many times. Shape , diamension and length of fiber is important. A thin and short fiber, for example short hair shaped glass fiber, will only be effective the first hours after pouring of concrete but will not increase the concrete tensile strength.

Benefits

1. It ibncrease the durability of the concrete.
2. It incease the tensile strength of the concrete.
3. It reduce the air voids and water voids. 

 Transparent Concrete

Transparent concrete is a concrete based building material with light transmissive properties due to embaded light optical element usally optical fibers. Light is conducted through the store from one end to other end. There fore the fibers have go through the whole objects. Transparentr concrete is also known as the translucent concerete  and light transmitting concrete because of its properties. It is used in fine architecture as a facade materials and for cladding of interior walls. In this paper the intigrate the meriets of concrete and optical fibers, for developping transparent arrenging the light numerical apperatus for the plastic optical fibers or big diameter  glass optical fibers into concrete. The main purpose is to used sunlight as a light sources to reduce the power consption of illumination and to use the optical fiber to sence the stress of structure asnd also user this concrete as an architectural purpose for good ahesthetical view of the building.

Application

• Illuminate your wall
• Watch your pavement shine at sunset
• Get ceative with design.
• Transparent concrete blocks suitable for floors
• Pvement and load bearing walls
• In furniture for the decorative and aesthetic 
• Light fixtures
• Light sidewalks at night
• Increasing visibility in dark subway stations.

Bacterial Concrete

Concrete is the fore most building material bradly used in building construction, but crack in concrete are concrete are inivatble and are one of the inhernet weakness of concrete. The major downside of concrete its is low tensile stress due to which micro cracks occureswhen the load applied is more than its limit and this pave way of the seepage of water and other salts. The innitiate corrotion make the whole structure vulnerble and leads to the faliure the structure. To remidiatethis type of faliure due to cracks and fissures  an approach of  using of bio minaralisation in concrete has evolved in simple in recent years . In this methods , of enhancing the performance of concrete , the calcite pricipitating spor facting bacteria its introduce to concrete. When water entire through the cracks, its reacts with bacteria and forms precipiating the calcium carbonate , as a by products, which fill the cracks and make crack free concrete. This type of concrete prepared with bacteria is called as bacterial concrete.

Advantages

• Self repairing of cracks without any external aide.
• Resistance toward freeze-thaw attacks
• Reduction of permiability of concrete
• Reduce the corrosion of steel due to the cracks formation.

Disadvantage

• Cost of bacterial concrete is double than conventional concrete
• Groth of bacteria is not good any atmosphere and media.
• Investigation of calcite precipitate is costly.
• Design of mis concrete with bacteria here is not available any IS Code or other code.